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'''Adoptionism''' (also referred to as'''dynamic monarchianism''') owes its origin to Theodotus, a leather-merchant active in Rome about AD 190, and was spread by Paul of Samosata, bishop of Antioch, who was condemned for his views by the church in AD 268.<ref>Sinclair B. Ferguson and J.I. Packer, New Dictionary of Theology (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 6.</ref>   
'''Adoptionism''' (also referred to as '''dynamic monarchianism''') owes its origin to Theodotus, a leather-merchant active in Rome about AD 190, and was spread by Paul of Samosata, bishop of Antioch, who was condemned for his views by the church in AD 268.<ref>Sinclair B. Ferguson and J.I. Packer, New Dictionary of Theology (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 6.</ref>   


Adoptionism is most commonly applied to the notion that Jesus was merely an ordinary man of unusual virtue or closeness to God whom God ‘adopted’ into divine Sonship. Adoptionism was rooted in second-and third-century monarchianism but also flourished in the eighth century. According to adoptionism, Jesus was only a man but was adopted by God because of His sinless life. This is said to have occurred when God declared from heaven: “This is my Son.” (Matt. 3:17).<ref>Norman L. Geisler, Systematic Theology, Volume Two: God, Creation (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers, 2003), 297.</ref>
Adoptionism is most commonly applied to the notion that Jesus was merely an ordinary man of unusual virtue or closeness to God whom God ‘adopted’ into divine Sonship. Adoptionism was rooted in second-and third-century monarchianism but also flourished in the eighth century. According to adoptionism, Jesus was only a man but was adopted by God because of His sinless life. This is said to have occurred when God declared from heaven: “This is my Son.” (Matt. 3:17).<ref>Norman L. Geisler, Systematic Theology, Volume Two: God, Creation (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House Publishers, 2003), 297.</ref>